Vol. 1, Issue 8, Part I (2015)

Abstract
Patients and Methods: The study reviewed all children under the age of 15 years diagnosed with vesical calculus and managed between January 2010 and December 2014 in the University of Maiduguri Teaching Hospital (UMTH) and the State specialist Hospital Maiduguri (SSHM). All patients had open cystolithotomy under general anesthesia. Background: Cystolithiasis in children is fairly a common disease especially among children from low socioeconomic group, often associated with malnutrition, anemia, lower urinary tract obstruction, UTI, and rarely metabolic disorders. Holistic evaluation is therefore essential in the management of vesical calculi in children which has high tendency `to recur. Results: A total of 114 patients were analyzed age ranged from 2 – 14 years, with a mean of 6.37years, and a male to female ratio of 6.13: 1. The peak age group was 5-9 years accounting for 49.12%. The presenting clinical features were urinary frequency, and strangury occurring in all patients, Hematuria in 53.51%, unusually long/enlarged palus in 33.67% of the male patients, and history of passage of stone in 14.91%. There were 9(7.89%) patients with history of bladder stone surgery. Post-operative complications were surgical site infection in 9.65%, vesicocutaneous fistula in 6.14%, and atelectasis in 2.63%. Conclusions: Cystolithiasis in children is associated with malnutrition, urinary tract infection, and commoner among low socioeconomic class with high recurrence rate. The success in the management of this condition requires dealing with the stone as well as addressing the prevailing poor socioeconomic conditions.