Vol. 3, Issue 5, Part G (2017)

Abstract
The ABO and Rh blood group system plays a very important role in blood transfusion and organ transplants and are useful in population genetic studies, studying population migration patterns and resolving certain legal issues such as disputed parentage. It is therefore important to study patterns of distribution of these blood groups in every population. In the present study an attempt has been made to study the ABO & Rh Blood Groups systems among the BHILS & RAJPUTS of Sirohi District, Mt. Abu, Rajasthan and to study variation & distribution of allele frequencies of present population group. It also describes the population variation among humans living in a limited area & time frame of an ecological zone. By using the various formulas given by Bernstein allele frequencies & expected frequencies were calculated. The chi-square value of about 4.167 among BHILS and 1.8456 among Rajputs with the high probability (0.5>p>0.70) for 2 degrees of freedom reflects the internal consistency of the data i.e. observed values are in close agreement with the expected values indicating that the population is in genetic equilibrium. The most predominant type of blood group is O both among BHILS & RAJPUTS. Blood group B has been found less predominant as compared to O in both the populations followed by A₁ & A₁B. Frequency of A₂ & A₂B is same in RAJPUTS while it’s higher for A₂ than A₂B among BHILS. The frequency of Rh⁺ allele has been noted to be reportedly high among both the populations as compared to Rh^- allele. The Chi-square values for each blood group system in both the populations depict the genetic equilibrium of the population. All the evolutionary forces are acting on the population in a balanced manner with normal random mating breeding patterns.