Vol. 1, Issue 1, Part C (2014)

Abstract
Background: Aspergillus has a ubiquitous distribution in nature, aspergillous fungal balls are more common and are referred to as aspergillomas. The present study was conducted to study the cases of aspergiloma in study population. Materials & Methods: It included 35 cases of pulmonary aspergillosis. The hematological and radiological investigations were done in all patients. The lesions were classified as cavitatory and non-cavitatory lesions. The number, location, site, shape, nature of the inner lining and thickness of the wall, communication with the bronchial tree or vasculature and surrounding parenchyma were recorded. Results: Out of 35 patients, males were 22 and females were 13. The difference was significant (P-0.05). 28 patients had hemoptysis and 7 had not. Accompanying features in hemoptysis patients were cough (22), short breadth (7), chest pain (8), fever (12), loss of apetite & weight (9), right heart failure (2) and gasping state (1). Accompnaying features in patient who had not hemoptysis was cough (5), short breadth (4), fever (2), right heart failure (1) and right heart failure (1). 27 patients had complex aspergiloma while 8 had simple. The difference was significant (P<0.05). The causative agent was tuberculosis (25), chronic lung abscess (5) and bronchietasis (5). The difference was significant (P<0.05). Conclusion: It is a fungal overgrowth in humans. The most common clinical features were cough, fever, loss of apetite, shortness of breadth and right heart failure. Tuberculosis is the main cause.