Vol. 1, Issue 11, Part C (2015)

Abstract
Water is the most essential ingredient of the atmosphere and it is necessary for life on earth. Pakistan is facing serious problem of energy crisis and the gap between demand and supply of electricity is getting higher day by day. The objectives of current study are design and development of solar desalination system using heat recovery method, performance evaluation and cost estimation of solar desalination system for Faisalabad, Pakistan. The basic concepts of thermodynamics was utilized in-order to introduce new valued instrumentation regarding desalination less expensive with more economical. The experimental parameters Time, Tilt angle, Mass flow rate, Solar radiations, Ambient temperature, Solar irradiation, Collector inlet and outlet temperatures, Evaporation and Condensation Chambers Temperature, per minute distillate, Water quality tests, Overall efficiency was highly sensitive and estimate carefully in-order to avoid any chances of error. The daily fresh water productivity can be reached up to 2.7 l/m2 in months of summer season. The fresh water exhibits excellent results having EC = 0.18 dS/cm, pH = 6.1, TDS = 127 ppm, Na+, Ca2+ and Mg2+ are 0.53, 0.78 and 0.61 respectively. Finally, the cost per liter of distilled water is estimated about PKR 2.81/m2 ($ 0.03 per m2/£ 0.02 per m2).The results dictates that the solar desalination system is more cost effective as compared with other conventional systems. The water quality parameters (TDS, EC, pH, Ca2+, Mg2+ and Na+) were reduced to a level of safe limits as defined by World Health Organization (WHO) for drinking water quality standards. It is highly recommended that the similar studies conduct in future in behalf of Pakistan specially, in-order to produce the fresh/drinking/desalinated water at low potential costs and search the feasible alternatives of RO, EC. To produce such technologies for drinking as well as irrigation at low potential costs, to reduce health hazards.