Vol. 2, Issue 1, Part L (2016)

Abstract
Novel artificial electromagnetic materials, such as photonic crystals, electromagnetic bandgap (EBG) structures and double negative (DNG) materials, have attracted increasing attention in the electromagnetics community. These structures are broadly classified as metamaterials and are typically realized by periodic dielectric substrates and metallization patterns. The artificial metamaterials can be classified into two groups: (1) three dimensional volumetric structures and (2) two dimensional surface designs. The latter possesses the advantages of low profile, light weight and low fabrication cost and hence is desirable in wireless communication system.