Vol. 2, Issue 11, Part F (2016)

Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted over a year, including 150 adults with radiologically confirmed pneumonia. Respiratory and blood samples were analyzed using standard culture techniques. Antibiotic susceptibility testing followed CLSI guidelines, with resistance mechanisms such as ESBL and MRSA identified through phenotypic assays.

Results: Gram-negative bacteria were predominant, with Klebsiella pneumoniae accounting for 40% of CAP and 30% of VAP cases. ESBL production was observed in 30.76% of HAP and 25% of VAP isolates. Recovery rates were highest in CAP (63%) but lowest in VAP (50%), which also had the highest mortality rate (45%).

Conclusion: The study highlights the predominance of gram-negative organisms and rising antimicrobial resistance in pneumonia. Regional data on resistance trends are essential for improving empirical therapy and patient outcomes.