Vol. 3, Issue 7, Part F (2017)

Abstract
The clustering is a technique that is used to reduce the consumption of energy. It helps in increasing the scalability and lifetime of the network. Many energy-efficient clustering protocols have been designed for the characteristics of homogeneous and heterogeneous wireless sensor networks. We propose and evaluate a new distributed energy-efficient clustering scheme for heterogeneous wireless sensor networks, which is called DEEC. In DEEC, the cluster-heads are elected by a probability based on the ratio between residual energy of each node and the average energy of the network. The epochs of being cluster-heads for nodes are different according to their initial and residual energy. The nodes with high initial and residual energy will have more chances to be the cluster-heads than the nodes with low energy