Vol. 4, Issue 6, Part C (2018)

Abstract
Kolar, which serves as Karnataka's eastern entrance, lacks a reliable water supply. Although it is drained by the Palar and Pennar river basins, both of which are minor and only carry water during the monsoon season, the situation worsens as all smaller water bodies dry up throughout the summer. Due to the overexploitation, highly intervention of anthropogenic activities (mining, removal of sandy soil, agriculture expansion and yet not cutting down and eradication of Eucalyptus and Acacia) and decrease in rain fall, many of the “physico-chemical parameters” influencing on the quality of groundwater. Among them most important “physico-chemical parameters” such as “pH, chloride, nitrate, fluoride and total hardness”. In the present study, for two years 2014 and 2015 in two different seasons of every year fifty groundwater samples were collected from fifty selected sources of bore wells from all talukas of entire District. The analyzed results revealed that all the parameters for all samples, except some samples showed concentration within permissible limit and some samples showed that concentration above the permissible limit. Especially the bore wells installed nearer to the sewage fed tanks and dry area of village limit have more prone to contamination of groundwater. This study helps us to better understanding of potential threats of various phsico-chemical parameters on quality of groundwater and deteriorating level of groundwater. The main factor that controls the groundwater quality in Kolar Distinct is growing of water intense trees such as Eucalyptus, declining in rain fall data and overexploitation of groundwater.