Vol. 5, Issue 3, Part A (2019)

Background and Introduction: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a global public health problem.

End-Stage renal disease (ESRD) is the final stage of chronic renal failure where there is a progressive, irreversible deterioration in renal function. Dialysis involves removal of urea and other toxic substances from plasma as well as correction of electrolyte imbalance. Out of the two types of dialysis, hemodialysis (HD) is the most commonly practiced. Changes in hematological parameters are noted both due to CKD and also due to effect of hemodialysis.

Objectives: To analyze Complete Blood Count (CBC), coagulation (PT, APTT) and biochemical (urea, creatinine) parameters in hemodialysis patients before and after hemodialysis.

Material and Methods: A prospective study was conducted in the Department of Pathology at Subharti Medical College, and associated Chhatrapati Shivaji Subharti Hospital (CSSH), Meerut in IPD patients undergoing Hemodialysis for a period of 2 years. Various hematological, coagulation and biochemical parameters were analyzed pre and post dialysis in 100 patients.

Results: It was observed that parameters like RBC count, hemoglobin level, hematocrit, MCV, MCH, APTT showed a significant increase in post dialysis period(p value <0.01),whereas platelet count, serum urea and creatinine decreased significantly following dialysis (p value<0.01). Other parameters like MCHC, TLC, DLC, PT showed no significant difference in pre or post dialysis period.

Conclusion: Dialysis causes a visible and significant change in various hematological and biochemical parameters, and to the coagulation profile as well, so it is important for a clinician/nephrologist to keep these factors in mind while dealing with such patients, to know the efficacy and undesirable effects of hemodialysis and further planning the necessary treatment.