Vol. 5, Issue 9, Part B (2019)

Objective: This study aimed to determine the effect of age, weight and antibiotic therapy of acute respiratory infection-pneumonia (ARI-pneumonia) on mortality of under five years children that was hospitalized at Khost Civil Provincial Hospital (KCPH).

Material and Methods: This retrospective study was conducted during December 2017 and January, February 2018 on 233ARI-pneumonia patients that were hospitalized in KCPH of Khost wilayat of Afghanistan. All ≤5-year-old ARI-pneumonia hospitalized patients during the study period were included. Electronic medical records were reviewed to determine which medical treatment had been conducted and the patient’s age and weight had been declared.

Results: This study has been conducted in during abovementioned 3 months ARI-pneumonia patients that admitted to KCPH. The number of patients was in January129 (47.25%), in December 81 (29.67%), and finally was in February 63 (23.07%). From 273 patients 233 were hospitalized whose ages were under five years old. In hospitalized patients 152 (65.24%) were male and 81 (34.76%) were female. Mild underweight were 80 (34.33%), moderate underweight were 44 (18.88%), and severe underweight were 11 (4.72%), and 98 (42.06%) had normal weight. Total mortality rate were 13 (5.58%), 12 (5.15%) were males and one (0.43%) was female. Cefotaxime + Amikacin were used in 122 (52.36%) patients. Cefotaxime + Amikacin + Vancomycin were used in 39 (16.73%) and Cefotaxime+Ampicilline was used in 28 (12.01%) patients.

Conclusion: Overall, the findings indicated that age and underweighted have had a positive impact on mortality of under five years ARI-Pneumonia children.