Vol. 10, Issue 11, Part A (2024)

Introduction: Dental caries is a prevalent issue, often requiring restorative treatments to prevent tooth loss and complications. Traditionally, dental amalgam has been used for restorations due to its strength and durability, especially in posterior teeth. However, with aesthetic preferences and concerns over mercury toxicity, tooth-colored composite materials have become popular alternatives. This study explores the knowledge, attitudes, and practices among rural and urban dental professionals regarding amalgam and composite materials.

Aims and Objectives: The aim is to assess the knowledge, attitudes, and practices of dental professionals in rural and urban areas regarding amalgam and composite restorations. Objectives include comparing knowledge levels, evaluating attitudes toward these materials, examining practice differences, and understanding professionals' preferences for each material in clinical scenarios.

Materials and Methodology: A cross-sectional questionnaire-based study was conducted with 120 general and specialist dentists from rural and urban settings. A survey comprising 34 questions (31 multiple choice, 3 open-ended) was distributed to assess knowledge, attitudes, and practices concerning amalgam and composite materials. Data was collected over six months and analyzed statistically to determine significance in responses between rural and urban participants.

Results: The results show that 80.5% of dentists believe that rural and urban patients have different perceptions regarding restorative materials, and only 39% perceive sufficient awareness among patients about material choices. Composite materials were associated with higher knowledge scores among dentists, with a statistically significant preference over amalgam, attributed mainly to aesthetics and reduced toxicity concerns.

Conclusion: The study reveals a strong preference among dentists for composite over amalgam, driven by aesthetics and health considerations, though awareness gaps exist among the public, particularly in rural areas. Enhanced public education and continued research on the safety and efficacy of restorative materials are essential for informed decision-making in dental care.