Vol. 10, Issue 11, Part E (2024)

Abstract
A significant bacterial pathogen in hospitals and the community, Staphylococcus aureus, is become more resistant to several antibiotics. It is obvious that non-antimicrobial methods of S. aureus control are required. Passive as well as active immunization options have been investigated since many people who are prone to staphylococcal infections are not competent to build an effective immune response. The creation of perfect vaccinations to combat multi-drug resistant S. aureus has become a global medical necessity. Consequently, immune-based strategies for protection may offer effective means of limiting the spread of invasive S. aureus infections. While a number of vaccine candidates have been developed and are either in the preclinical or early clinical stages, a number of them has not demonstrated protective effectiveness in human subjects. The current emphasis of research is to find new vaccine formulations that can stimulate strong humoral and cellular immune responses. In order to create monoclonal or polyclonal antibodies for passive vaccination against S. aureus infections, other strategies have also been tried. The current emphasis of research is to find new vaccine formulations that can stimulate strong humoral and cellular immune responses. Human clinical trials are testing a number of novel vaccine candidates in diverse target populations. Apart from vaccinations, novel classes of antibiotics, centyrins, bacteriophages, and monoclonal antibodies are being developed. All attempts to prevent S. aureus invasive infections through vaccination have, however, failed in human trials; in particular, no vaccine has been successful in producing high titers of opsonic antibodies against S. aureus surface antigens, which would aid in antibody-mediated bacterial clearance. We have taken into account every aspect of treating both invasive and noninvasive S. aureus infections.