Vol. 10, Issue 5, Part E (2024)

Abstract
Plant parasitic nematodes (PPNs) are a significant threat to agricultural and horticultural crops, causing substantial economic losses worldwide. This review explores the potential of bacteria as bio-agents for managing PPNs, highlighting their direct and indirect mechanisms of action. We discuss the biology of PPNs, their impact on agricultural systems, and emerging bio-control strategies using plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR). This review aims to integrate existing knowledge and identify sustainable management practices that can mitigate economic losses and promote environmentally friendly alternatives to chemical pest control.