Vol. 11, Issue 10, Part E (2025)

Abstract
The textile sector is increasingly adopting sustainable and resource-efficient methods, with enzymatic treatments offering eco-friendly alternatives to chemicals. This study investigates the integration of biopolishing with reactive dyeing of cotton in a single bath to reduce water, energy, and process time. Cotton twill fabric was processed using three approaches: Method A (dyeing followed by biopolishing), Method B (biopolishing followed by dyeing), and Method C (simultaneous dyeing and biopolishing) using neutral and acid cellulase enzymes. Treated samples were evaluated for colour yield (K/S values), colour difference (dE), bending length, and crock fastness. Method B showed the highest colour yield, likely due to improved dye binding sites created by enzymatic pretreatment. Simultaneous processing (Method C) achieved good softness and fastness, especially with neutral cellulase, though colour yield was slightly lower. Acid cellulase in Method C resulted in weaker dye uptake. Overall, simultaneous processing offers an efficient and sustainable alternative without compromising fabric quality.