Vol. 11, Issue 10, Part E (2025)

Objective: To map existing evidence on the nature, development, assessment, and outcomes of play and exploratory behaviours in preterm infants during the first year of life, including potential interventions aimed at enhancing such behaviours.

Methods: Articles were searched on PUBMED, Google Scholar, Research Gate, CINAHL using the following search terms Play, preterm, NICU, play behaviour, sensorimotor, play exploration. The inclusion criteria were: a) Full-text articles are included b) Articles published in English c) Preterm infants less than or equal to 37 weeks gestational age in NICU settings d) Focused on play, exploration, or related behaviours. The following articles were excluded: a) Systematic reviews, b) Case reports, and c) Medical intervention d) Studies involving full term infant.

Results: Out of 140 articles reviewed seven met the inclusion criteria which investigates play, exploratory behaviour, or related developmental constructs in preterm infants. Research highlights that play plays a crucial role in normalizing the NICU experience strengthening parent-infant bonding, and supporting emotional, social, and cognitive development. Purposeful sensory stimulation such as tactile, auditory, and visual input further contributes to improved physical growth, enhanced motor skills, and emotional well-being in neonates. It also helps reduce stress and fosters secure attachment.

Conclusion: This scoping review provides a foundational understanding of the current landscape of research on play and exploratory behaviour in preterm infants in the NICU. More detail extensive research is required for understanding further advantages in starting play intervention in NICU.