Vol. 11, Issue 5, Part D (2025)

Abstract
As climate change intensifies, adaptation and resilience strategies have become indispensable for communities worldwide, especially for those disproportionately affected, such as tribal and indigenous populations. Financial inclusion emerges as a foundational enabler for effective climate adaptation, yet over 1.4 billion adults remain excluded from formal financial systems, with a significant majority residing in climate-vulnerable regions. This exclusion is particularly acute for indigenous communities, where historical marginalization, limited access to capital, and structural funding barriers impede their ability to adapt to escalating environmental threats. This article explores the intersection of climate-smart finance and tribal resilience, emphasizing the role of inclusive financial mechanisms and nature-based solutions, such as blue-green infrastructure, watershed restoration, and living shorelines, in strengthening economic and environmental security on tribal lands. It examines policy innovations, including the President’s Emergency Plan for Adaptation and Resilience (PREPARE) and programs under the Bureau of Indian Affairs, which offer pathways to unlock climate finance for tribal nations. Furthermore, it highlights the importance of integrating Traditional Ecological Knowledge (TEK), addressing the systemic fragmentation of funding streams, and developing tailored financial products that align with tribal governance structures. By focusing on the unique vulnerabilities and strengths of tribal communities, the article outlines practical strategies to overcome financial exclusion and promote sustainable, culturally grounded climate adaptation.