Vol. 11, Issue 8, Part A (2025)

Diabetes, one of the most significant metabolic and chronic diseases that affect people of all ages, is caused by either the incapacity of human cells to respond to insulin or the lack of insulin production by beta cells found in the pancreas of Langerhans, which raises blood glucose levels.

There are two primary forms of diabetes: type I, which arises when the body's inability to produce insulin is caused by a malfunction in the immune system, where immune cells target the pancreatic beta cells that produce insulin, and type II Despite the pancreas's effectiveness and capacity to create insulin, the most frequent outcome is the body's cells' incapacity to react to it for an unidentified cause.