Vol. 3, Issue 12, Part I (2017)

Background and Objectives: A major public health concern, dengue fever is the most common viral disease spread by mosquitoes worldwide. One of the many reasons why dengue has a higher death and morbidity rate is because it changes coagulation and haematological markers.

Materials and Methods: From the pathology department at Madha Medical College and Research Institute in Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India, 48 febrile hospitalized patients who tested positive for IgM and/or NS1 were selected for this study. The participants were enrolled between October 2016 to October 2017. We looked at the clinical and biochemical consequences of platelet transfusion as well as its involvement. The variables were subjected to a statistical analysis.

Results: There was a history of fever, headache, myalgia, enlarged liver, and enlarged spleen in all 48 participants in this study. Pleural effusion impacted 16%, ascites affected 26%, and a rise in haematocrit affected 16%. Leukopenia affected 73% of patients, and a change in the neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio occurred in 27% of patients. It was clinically essential to administer a platelet transfusion to 86% of patients. Half of the patients received platelet transfusions. Approximately 54% of the cases required platelet transfusions ranging from 1 to 2 units. On the third day following a platelet transfusion, 53.49 percent of patients were 100% functional again.

Conclusion: If you experience fever, headache, thrombocytopenia, leukopenia, a reversal of the neutrophil lymphocyte ratio, ascitis, pleural effusion, and an elevated haematocrit, it is highly probable that you have dengue fever. Patients with moderate to severe thrombocytopenia have been found to benefit from platelet transfusions in their healing process.