AbstractIntroduction: The Placenta is root of life look like tree with many braches. The placenta is the organ that provides fetal respiration and maintains the metabolic and nutrient exchange between the maternal and fetal circulations. The placenta is attached to the uterine wall and establishes connection between the mother and the fetus through the umbilical cord.
Placental circulation: Maternal placental or utero placental circulation. Fetal placental circulation
Placental ageing: As the placenta has got a limited life span, it is likely to undergo degenerative changes as a mark of senescence.
Placental function: respiration, nutrition, excretion, protection, storage, Hormonal secretion
The fetal membranes: The basic function are formation of liquor, Prevent ascending uterine infection by intact membrane, During labour, facilitate cervical dialatation. enzymatic activity for steroidal hormonal metabolism. Source of glycerophospholipids
Amniotic:-Provide a medium for fetal movement, Protects the fetus against injury from external causes, Assists in maintaining temperature, Distends the amniotic sac