Vol. 7, Issue 4, Part A (2021)

Introduction: Stoma is a surgically created opening in the anterior abdominal wall. The basic types of stomas derive their name from the gastrointestinal segment in which they are sited. For example, gastrostomy in stomach, jejunostomy in jejunum, ileostomy in ileum, caecostomy in caecum and colostomy in colon.

Objective: To study the various types of intestinal stomas and their indications. To identify the various complications encountered that occur after the construction of intestinal stomas. To assess the ways in which these complications can be minimized and managed in a better way.

Methods: Descriptive analysis has been carried out in the study. Significance was analyzed by using Chi-square test. The statistical software used was SPSS 22.0 version and Microsoft and excel used for generate table and graph.

Results: Most of the emergency procedure was loop ileostomy followed by end ileostomy. In elective procedure, the most common stoma was loop ileostomy followed by end ileostomy. Most common complaints of abdominal pain both in emergency setting as well as elective setting (33%). the most common complication was skin excoriation, which is more significant in loop ileostomy.

Conclusion: In conclusion the study showed stoma construction high in adult and old age group, mostly done as an emergency procedure compared to elective procedure. Mostly done for diversion for obstruction or perforation in malignancy and perforation in trauma patients. Most common stoma constructed was loop ileostomy followed by end ileostomy with mucus fistula. There is high incidence of peristomal complication related to that. The complication better managed with proper preoperative planning with effective stoma care in post-operative period.