Vol. 9, Issue 1, Part E (2023)

Abstract
Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) is an important method by which environmental management issues are incorporated into the decision-making of a project/activity to ensure sustainable development. In the past, it was only evaluated and approved on the basis of technical and financial feasibility. It is also necessary that it is also environmentally friendly. The main objective of the project is to minimize the negative impact on the environment from the project activities. EIA in India is started with environmental impact assessment of river valley projects but had no constitutional recognition at the time. On January 27, 1994, EIA Notification this was enacted by the Environment (Protection) Act (1986) for various projects likely to have serious effects on the environment and human health. The implementation of the procedure was made necessary and at the same time a legal recognition was obtained. After this EIA various reforms were made in the notification, in which the public consultation, the public consultation as well as many other important projects from the EIA have been approved. This includes the introduction of a methodology that required environmental approval from the Government of India's Department of Environment and Forests. To complete the process of EIA to improve. A new notification has been issued. According to this notice, projects/activities to obtain an environmental permit have been divided into eight categories, which are approved by the Ministry of Environment and Forests, the Government of India at central level (category A) or the National Impact Assessment Board (category A) at the state level B. Category B projects/activities are in turn divided into two parts. Category “B” projects receive an EIA. While the project activities of category “B” of EIA are to be carried out, a report must be submitted. A notification is not required. According to the September 2006 notification, it is necessary for both category "A" and category "A" projects to carry out a public hearing according to the procedure prescribed in the notification. Shortly before that, on January 19, 2009, EIA A draft notification has been proposed proposing new threshold criteria for both 'A' and 'B' category projects as well as for the EIA. And the environmental approval process needs to be made more transparent and accountable to the public interest of society.